Does R-I-C-O Spell Relief For BofA Homeowners?

Joel Sucher, American Banker

While shareholders queue up for a seat at the annual Bank of America extravaganza on Wednesday and the forces of Occupy get ready to mount major protests, a small group of lawyers plots its own campaign to take on what they call the “predatory mortgage banking cartel.”

They are pained at the lack of real regulatory enforcement actions in the wake of the financial meltdown, and angry about how easy it’s been for the megabanks – B of A, in particular – to “get over” on the American public, continuing a pattern of foreclosure behavior despite tongue-lashings by the Federal Trade Commission and Department of Housing and Urban Development.

So, how do they spell relief for this fraud-induced indigestion? R-I-C-O.

Yes, RICO, that iconic legal strategy developed in the 1970s – one with teeth – that spelled calamity for the bosses of the Genovese and Gambino crime families, restored some semblance of order to mob-run Teamster Local 560 in New Jersey, and sent the immensely popular mayor of Providence Rhode Island, Vincent “Buddy” Cianci, to the can for running his office as a financially self-serving criminal enterprise. But the case that took it beyond the boundaries of common thugdom was RICO’s successful prosecution of Wall Street junk bond peddler, Michael Milken. While controversial, the case emphasized the expansive nature of the statute in pursuing corporate crime, and the fact that RICO provides for both criminal penalties and a civil cause of action for financial damages, has this group of attorneys intrigued.

So, how might B of A qualify as a likely target? It’s definitely an “enterprise,” one of the criteria of a RICO prosecution. According to several lawyers, there’s a pattern of activities, mainly surrounding B of A’s 2008 acquisition of Angelo Mozilo’s Frankenstein, a/k/a Countrywide Financial, that provide potential prosecutorial fodder insofar as securities fraud and consumer protection violations are concerned.

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BofA CEO Moynihan Faces Scorn Of Shareholders And Protesters

Tells Shareholders To Call Toll-free Number About Mortgage Servicing Issues

Hugh Son, Bloomberg

Bank of America Corp., the second- biggest U.S. lender, is following a “disciplined” strategy to rebuild, Chief Executive Officer Brian T. Moynihan said today as protests swirled inside and outside the firm’s annual meeting.

Moynihan, 52, presided over a contentious two-hour gathering as shareholders pressed him on complaints ranging from mortgage practices and foreclosures to customer service and political contributions. One attendee at the Charlotte, North Carolina event lamented the lost value of his shares and referred to the bank as “a felon.”

“We abide by the law every day,” Moynihan said, adding that managers are cleaning up the bank’s practices and that 50,000employees are giving borrowers “every chance” to get mortgage modifications. “I think we’re doing everything we can,” he said.

Investors and protesters from San Francisco to London have used shareholder meetings this year to denounce financial firms for making shoddy loans and overpaying executives. Bank of America’s stock has lost almost half its value since the start of 2010, when Moynihan was named CEO.

Much of the criticism stems from Bank of America’s 2008 takeover of Countrywide Financial Corp. The subprime lender has been blamed by lawmakers for fueling the housing collapse, by regulators for sloppy and discriminatory lending and by investors for driving more than $40 billion of costs tied to soured mortgages and improper foreclosures.

Mortgage Servicing

At least three speakers at the meeting told Moynihan that the bank has failed to improve mortgage servicing after years of complaints that employees gave wrong information, didn’t return phone calls and repeatedly lost paperwork.

“You’ve got to do something about your mortgage servicing,” one speaker told Moynihan. The CEO told borrowers in the hall and “everyone out there” that he personally pledged the bank would work with them. “You can call us and we will figure it out,” he said, eliciting laughter in the audience as he encouraged them to dial a toll-free number. Moynihan said 1 million modifications have been completed, “and I don’t think we could have done that without being competent.”

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Fannie Mae Refused To Spank Countrywide’s Fannie for Bad Debt

Jody Shenn, Bloomberg

Fannie Mae refused to seek large amounts of mortgage repurchases from Countrywide Financial Corp. as housing began to crash, according to the former head of its regulator.

James Lockhart, who led the Federal Housing Finance Agency until 2009 and its predecessor, the Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight, “spent a lot of time” pushing Fannie Mae executives to seek more so-called putbacks on Countrywide loans that failed to match their promised quality, he said today.

“They didn’t want to offend their largest customer,” Lockhart, now the vice chairman at investment firm WL Ross & Co., said during a speech at a Mortgage Bankers Association conference in New York.

Trends in mortgage-repurchase demands are among “procyclical” issues in the market, or items that can lead to looser credit during a boom and tighten standards during tougher times, Lockhart said. Policy makers should strive to lessen the dynamic as they remake the housing-finance system, he said.

“If people had known how bad the repurchases were going to get, we’d certainly have had a lot more disciplined underwriting,” Lockhart said in an interview. His discussions with Fannie Mae (FNMA) officials about Countrywide loans took place in 2006 or 2007, he said.

Fannie Mae and competitor Freddie Mac, the mortgage-finance companies, are being sustained on injections of taxpayer capital after being seized in 2008. Countrywide, once the largest U.S. home lender, was bought by Bank of America Corp. that year.

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Occupy LA protesters descend on Pasadena home of BofA executive

Lauren Gold, Pasadena Star-News

About 100 Occupy protesters seeking to reverse an eviction gathered Tuesday outside the Pasadena house of a Bank of America executive in the San Rafael neighborhood.

The protest began at 4 p.m. at the house of bank executive Raul Anaya, and specifically focused on the plight of homeowner Dirma Rodriguez.

“Every crook in history has victimized her and it’s shocking,” said Lydia Breen, 64, of Altadena, a Hurricane Katrina evacuee who relocated to Southern California.

No one was arrested during Tuesday’s protest, which was one of many across the nation surrounding the annual Bank of America Shareholder’s meeting today in Charlotte, North Carolina. No Pasadena police personnel were present at the scene.

Rodriguez’s home was foreclosed after she allegedly fell behind on loan payments on a second for her house in the West Adams district of Los Angeles.

Rodriguez was evicted March 26, but allowed back into her home that night after Occupy protesters rallied in her support, said Occupy member Cheryl Aichele.

Rodriguez, a widow, said the process has been difficult, full of frustration and tears.

“I want my home legally returned to me and I want fair payments and an end to this horrific situation that me and my family have had to go through,” Rodriguez said in Spanish translated by Occupy member Julie Levine. “I felt terrible, I couldn’t sleep worrying that I was going to lose my home and what would happen to my daughter.”

Rodriguez’s 27-year-old daughter, Ingrid Ortiz, has toxoplasmosis cerebral palsy. Rodriguez said she was granted a loan modification and began making payments but then the bank sent her checks back and sold her home at a foreclosure auction in September.

Levine said Rodriguez was following the bank’s instructions to make loan payments into a special account when they “sold the house out from under her.”

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